Determination of Waterborne Bioavailable Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in the Lower Missouri River

Metadata:
Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
Jimmie D. Petty, James N. Huckins, Carl E. Orazio, Jon A Lebo, Barry C. Poulton, Robert W. Gale
Originator:
U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Columbia Environmental Research Center (formerly known as U.S. Department of Interior, National Biological Service)
Originator:
Colette S. Charbonneau, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Originator: Edwin M. Kaiser, University of Missouri - Columbia
Publication_Date: 1995
Title:
Determination of Waterborne Bioavailable Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in the Lower Missouri River
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Columbia, Missouri
Publisher:
U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Columbia Environmental Research Center (formerly known as U.S. Department of the Interior, National Biological Service)
Description:
Abstract:
The semipermeable membrane device (SPMD) technology, was used to determine the presence of bioavailable organochlorine (OC) pesticides in the water of the main stem Missouri River. SPMDs were deployed for 28 days at five main stem sites - Sioux City, IA; Nebraska City,NE; Kansas City, MO; Glasgow, MO; and Hermann, MO. In general, OCs were present at all sites. Of all targeted analytes, the chlordane components, heptachlor expoxide, toaxaphene, and dieldrin were generally present at the highest concentrations. Replicate (n = 4) SPMD samplers sequestered similar quantities (typical CV = 10-35% ) of each OC pesticide. The sequestered residues represent an estimation of bioavailable (by respiration process) or dissolved OCs present in the main stem of the Missouri River.
Purpose:
The semipermeable membrane device (SPMD) technology, was used to determine the presence of bioavailable organochlorine pesticides in the water of the main stem Missouri River.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 199206
Currentness_Reference: Observed
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Planned
Spatial_Domain:
Description_of_Geographic_Extent:
The SPMDs were deployed for 28 days at five main stem sites - Sioux City IA; Nebraska City, NE; Kanas City, MO; Glasgow, MO; and Hermann, MO
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -96.3833
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -91.5
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.5
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.75
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: organochlorine pesticides
Theme_Keyword: contaminants
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Missouri
Place_Keyword: MO
Place_Keyword: Sioux City, IA
Place_Keyword: Nebraska City, NE
Place_Keyword: Kansas City, MO
Place_Keyword: Glasgow, MO
Place_Keyword: Hermann, MO
Place_Keyword: Iowa
Place_Keyword: IA
Place_Keyword: Nebraska
Place_Keyword: NE
Place_Keyword: Lower Missouri River
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints: None
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources
Division, Columbia Environmental Research Center
Contact_Person: James Petty
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address
Address: 4200 New Haven Rd
City: Columbia
State_or_Province: MO
Postal_Code: 65201
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 573-875-5399
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 573-876-1896
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Jim_Petty@usgs.gov
Data_Set_Credit:
The technical assistance and advice of V. Gibson, J. Fusselman, and R. Clark is gratefully acknowledged during all phases of this work.
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
Jimmie D. Petty, James N. Huckins, Carl E. Orazio, Jon A. Lebo, Barry C. Poulton,and Robert W. Gale
Originator:
U.S. Geological Service, Biological Resources Division, Columbia Environmental Research Center (formerly known as U.S. Department of the Interior, National Biological Service)
Originator:
Colette S. Charbonneau, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Originator: Edwin M. Kaiser, University of Missouri - Columbia
Publication_Date: 1995
Title:
Determination of Waterborne Bioavailable Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in the Lower Missouri River
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Environmental Science and Technology
Issue_Identification: V. 29, No. 10
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: unknown
Publisher: The American Chemical Society
Other_Citation_Details: 0013-936X/95/0929-2561S09.00/0
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Trip blank SPMDs (one for each of the five sample sites) accompanied the SPMD sampler arrays during deployment, recovery, and transportation to CERC. These trip blanks were processed and analyzed exactly as deployed samples. Procedural blanks were freshly prepared SPMDs taken through the entire cleanup and frationation procedure. Their values represent the mean of six replicate procedural blanks SPMDs. A peak identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) as HCB was present in all procedural blanks. While the presence of this laboratory interferant could not be eliminated, no field-deployed sample contained HCB residues greater than this value. Samples containing OC residues exceeding the procedural blank values were considered positive for OC pesticides and were subsequently blank corrected. No OC pesticide concentrations greater than those present in procedural blanks were detected in trip blanks. The limit of detection (LOD) was measured by determining the values of coincident GC-ECD peaks for each analyte from a 250-mL sample of hexane taken through the entire procedure (rotary evaporation, copper treatment for removal of sulfur, GPC, Florisil and silica gel chromatography, nitrogen blow down, etc.). The LOD was defined as the mean plus 3 standard deviations (SD) of values so determined. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) was defined as the mean plus 10 SD of these values. Spikes were also analyzed by fortifying 250 mL of hexane and processing the spike as a sample. The pesticides were spiked at 20-100 ng for each single-component OC and 1 micrograms for total toxaphene. For the positive identification of OCs by GC/MC, the following criteria were required: The peak areas of the principal ion responses must be greater than three times the background noise and must occur at relative retention times within 0.5% of the standard peak. The background-substracted spectrum of each confirmed peak must exhibit a mass fragmentation pattern that correlates with that of an authentic standard. Unknown compounds were tentatively identified by comparing their mass chromatograms with those in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) mass spectral library.
Logical_Consistency_Report: not applicable
Completeness_Report:
SPMDs were deployed 28 days at five main stem sites.
Lineage:
Methodology:
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Identifier:
Methodology_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Methodology_Keyword: SPMD deployment
Methodology_Description:
Preparation of SPMDs for use as water samplers has been described in Lebo et al 1992. After preparation, SPMDs were placed in clean gas-tight metal paint cans for transport to the field. During June 1992, SPMDs were deployed in the Missouri River at five locations - Sioux City, IA; Nebraska City, NE; Kansas City, MO; Glasgow, MO; and Hermann, MO. The sampling sites were located upstream of the confluences of major tributary streams with the Missouri River to minimize the effects of tributaries on contaminants present in the main stem. The Kansas City site was upstream fo the metropolitan and the Kansas River. Four replicate SPMD samples (an SPMD sample unit consisted of two 152-cm PE tubes, each containing 2.0 mL [1.82 g] of triolein) were deployed at each of the five sites. SPMD were maintained inside stainless steel mesh cages (25 x 25 x 92 cm long) suspended about 1 m below the surface. Following a 28-day exposure (average water temperature, 23 degrees Centigrade), the SPMDs were recovered, placed in air-tight metal cans (on ice), and immediately transported to CERC for sample processing and residue enrichment.
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
Lebo, J.A.; Zajicek, J.L; Huckins, J.N.; Petty, J.D.; Peterman, P.H.
Publication_Date: 1992
Title:
Use of semipermeable membrane devices for in situ monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aquatic environments
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Chemosphere
Issue_Identification: Chemosphere 25(5):697-718
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Identifier:
Methodology_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Methodology_Keyword: sample processing and residue enrichment
Methodology_Description:
The sample processing and residue enrichment procedures were similar to those described in Petty et al, 1993 with differences as follows: Subsequent to Florisil chromatography , the eluates were treated with copper wool to remove sulfur, filtered through glass-fiber filters, and reduced in volume (to about 0.8 mL) using high-purity nitrogen. The samples were quantitatively transferred to 1-mL conical autoinjector vials using dichloromethane; a nonane keeper was added (about 0.1 mL), and the dichloromethane was removed under a stream of high-purity nitrogen. Final volumes were adjusted to 0.95 mL using nonane. The resulting sample solutions were fractionated by high-performance gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The GPC instrumentation included the following modules: Perkins-Elmer series 410 solvent delivery system with a Perkin-Elmer ISS-200 autoinjector system (Perkin-Elmer Co., Norwalk, CT), an ISCO Foxy 200 fraction collector (ISCO, Inc., Lincoln, NE), and a Phenogel GPC column (22.5 mm i.d. x 250 mm, 10 micrometer particles [10 nm pore size]) (Phenomonex, Inc. Torrance, CA). The mobile phase consisted of hexane/dichloromethane (80/20, v/v) delivered at a flow rate of 4 mL/min.) Prior to sample chromatography, the GPC was calibrated by injecting benzene and monitoring its retention. the collect cycle (typically 72-240 mL) was initiated at the beginning of the elution of benzene; all previous eluate (typically 0-72 mL) constituted the (excluded) dump fraction. The dump fraction contained co-dialyzed lipid components and polyethylene waxes, and the collect fraction contained all OC pesticides. Following enrichment by GPC, the resulting solutions were subjected to the residue fractionation procedures presented in Schmitt et al. resulting in three fractions per sample.
Methodology_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Petty, J.D.; Huckins, J.N; Zajicek, J.L
Publication_Date: 1993
Title:
Application of semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) as passive air samplers
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Chemosphere
Issue_Identification: 27(9):1609-1624
Methodology_Type: Field
Methodology_Identifier:
Methodology_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Methodology_Keyword: analysis
Methodology_Description:
The final solutions from the fractionation procedure (Schmitt et al, 1990) were analyzed for OC residues using gas chromatography-electron capture detection. Sample analysis was performed with an HP 5890 capillary GC-ECD system from Hewlett Packard, Inc. Contaminant residues or which analyses were conducted are identified in Petty et al, 1995, cited in Cross Reference section. Two microliters (1.0 mL volume, 20 ng of aldrin added as instrumental internal standard) of each of the two more polar fractions were analyzed for all analytes except HCB, heptachlor, 4,4'DDE, and mirex using the conditions outlined in Analysis section of Petty et al, 1995 cited in Cross Reference section.
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Based on local reference names.
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Entity - organochlorine pesticides (OCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) ;Associated attributes - presence of contaminants
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: unknown
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources
Division, Columbia Environmental Research Center
Contact_Person: Christopher Henke
Contact_Position: Webmaster
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 4200 New Haven Rd
City: Columbia
State_or_Province: MO
Postal_Code: 65201
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 573-875-5399
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 573-876-1896
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: chris_henke@usgs.gov
Distribution_Liability:
Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the accuracy or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data and aggregate use with other data. It is strongly recommended that these data are directly acquired from a U.S. Geological Survey server, and not indirectly through other sources which may have changed the data in some way. It is also strongly recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents of the metadata file associated with these data. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein.
Custom_Order_Process: Please contact distributor.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 1998
Metadata_Review_Date: 200004
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
Raytheon Information Technology and Scientific
Services (ITSS)
Contact_Person: Cheryl Solomon
Contact_Position: Ecosystem Coordinator
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address
Address: 4500 Forbes Boulevard
City: Lanham
State_or_Province: MD
Postal_Code: 20706
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301 794-3049
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301 794-3164
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: solomon@gcmd.nasa.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name:
NBII Content Standard for National Biological Information Infrastructure Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: December 1995
Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
Generated by mp version 2.5.6 on Mon Jul 31 09:49:31 2000