Report Date: 19-May-2000
Metadata Data Set Name:
                    CERC - PH - Persistent Environmental Contaminants
                    in Fish and Wildlife
  1 Identification Information
    1.1 Citation:
    8 Citation Information:
          8.1 Originator:
                    Christopher J. Schmitt, C.M. Bunck
          8.1 Originator:
                    U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources
                    Division, Columbia Environmental Research Center
                    (formerly National Biological Service)
          8.2 Publication Date:
                    1995
          8.4 Title:
                    Persistent Environmental Contaminants in Fish and
                    Wildlife
            8.8.1 Publication Place:
                    Washington, D.C.
            8.8.2 Publisher:
                    U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources
                    Division (formerly National Biological Service)
    1.2 Description
      1.2.1 Abstract:
                    Contaminant concentrations in freshwater fish and
                    birds were periodically measured.  Fish were
                    selected for monitoring aquatic ecosystems because
                    of their tendency to accumulate pesticides and
                    other contaminants.  The European starling
                    (Sturnus vulgaris) was selected for monitoring
                    contaminant levels in terrestrial habitats because
                    of its varied diet and wide geographic
                    distribution.  Following a successful pilot study
                    (Heath and Prouty 1967), the wings of
                    hunter-killed ducks were used to monitor
                    contaminants in duck populations of the major
                    flyways, and thereby to also provide an assessment
                    of contaminant levels in wetlands.  The USFWS
                    maintained this National Contaminant Biomonitoring
                    Program into the 1980's, with the objective of
                    continuing the documentation of temporal and
                    geographic trends in contaminant concentrations
                    (Prouty and Bunchk 1986; Bunch et al. 1987;
                    Schmitt and Brumbaugh 1990; Schmitt et al. 1990).
      1.2.2 Purpose:
                    The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service participated in
                    a program to monitor the concentrations of
                    pesticides and other long-lived toxic contaminants
                    in all segments of the environment.
    1.3 Time Period Of Content
      9 Time Period Information
          9.3 Range of Dates/Times
            9.3.1 Beginning Date:
                    1965
            9.3.3 Ending Date:
                    1985
      1.3.1 Currentness Reference:
                    ground condition
    1.4 Status
      1.4.1 Progress:
                    Complete
      1.4.2 Maintenance and Update Frequency:
                    None planned
    1.5 Spatial Domain
      99.1.5.1 Description of Geographic Extent:
                    United States
      1.5.1 Bounding Coordinates
        1.5.1.1 West Bounding Coordinate:
                    -125
        1.5.1.2 East Bounding Coordinate:
                    -67
        1.5.1.3 North Bounding Coordinate:
                    49
        1.5.1.4 South Bounding Coordinate:
                    25
    1.6 Keywords
      1.6.1 Theme
        1.6.1.1 Theme Keyword Thesaurus:
                    None
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    DDE
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    polychlorinated biphenyls
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    PCBs
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    heptachlor
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    dieldrin
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    endrin
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    chlordane
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    contaminant monitoring
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    concentrations of pesticides
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    bioaccumulation
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    DDT
          1.6.1.2 Theme Keyword:
                    dichlorodiphenylethylene
      1.6.2 Place
        1.6.2.1 Place Keyword Thesaurus:
                    None
          1.6.2.2 Place Keyword:
                    United States
      99.1.7 Taxonomy
        99.1.7.1 Taxonomic Keywords:
                    fish
        99.1.7.1 Taxonomic Keywords:
                    birds
      99.1.7.2 Taxonomic Coverage
        99.1.7.2.1 Specific Taxonomic Information
          99.1.7.2.1.1 Kingdom:
                    Animal
          99.1.7.2.1.2 Division-Phylum:
                    Chordata
          99.1.7.2.1.3 Class:
                    Actinopterygii
          99.1.7.2.1.8 Applicable Common Names:
                    fish
      99.1.7.2 Taxonomic Coverage
        99.1.7.2.1 Specific Taxonomic Information
          99.1.7.2.1.1 Kingdom:
                    Animal
          99.1.7.2.1.2 Division-Phylum:
                    Chordata
          99.1.7.2.1.3 Class:
                    Aves
          99.1.7.2.1.4 Order:
                    Passeriformes
          99.1.7.2.1.5 Family:
                    Sturnidae
          99.1.7.2.1.6 Genus:
                    Sturnus
          99.1.7.2.1.7 Species:
                    Sturnus vulgaris
          99.1.7.2.1.8 Applicable Common Names:
                    European starling
    1.7 Access Constraints:
                    None
    1.8 Use Constraints:
                    None
    1.9 Point of Contact
           10.2 Contact Organization Primary
             10.1.2 Contact Organization:
                    U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources
                    Division, Columbia Enivironmental Research Center
             10.1.1 Contact Person:
                    Chris Schmitt
           10.4 Contact Address
             10.4.1 Address Type:
                    4200 New Haven Road
             10.4.3 City:
                    Columbia
             10.4.4 State or Province:
                    Missouri
             10.4.5 Postal Code:
                    65201
           10.5 Contact Voice Telephone:
                    (573) 876-1846
           10.7 Contact Facsimile Telephone:
                    (573) 876-1896
           10.8 Contact Electronic Mail Address:
                    chris_schmitt@usgs.gov
    1.14 Cross Reference
          8.1 Originator:
                    Schmitt C.J. and C.M. Bunck.
          8.2 Publication Date:
                    1995
          8.4 Title:
                    Persistent environmental contaminants in fish and
                    wildlife.
          8.11 Larger Work Citation:
            8 Citation Information
              8.1 Originator:
                    E.T. LaRoe, G.S. Farris, C.E. Puckett, P.D. Doran,
                    and M.J.
              8.2 Publication Date:
                    1995
              8.4 Title:
                    Our Living Resources: a report to the nation on
                    the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S.
                    plants, animals, and ecosystems, eds.
                8.8.1 Publication Place:
                    Washington, D.C.
                8.8.2 Publisher:
                    U.S. Department of the Interior, National
                    Biological Service
              8.9 Other Citation Details:
                    530 pages.
  2 Data Quality Information
    2.1 Attribute Accuracy
      2.1.1 Attribute Accuracy Report:
                    unknown
    2.2 Logical Consistency Report:
                    not applicable
    2.3 Completeness Report:
                    unknown
    2.5 Lineage
      99.2.5.1 Methodology
        99.2.5.1.1 Methodology Type:
                    Field
          99.2.5.1.2.1 Methodology Keyword Thesaurus:
                    None
          99.2.5.1.2.2 Methodology Keyword:
                    unknown
        99.2.5.1.3 Methodology Description:
                    unknown
      2.5.2 Process Step
        2.5.2.1 Process Description:
                    unknown
        2.5.2.3 Process Date:
                    unknown
  3 Spatial Data Organization Information
    3.1 Indirect Spatial Reference:
                    Based on local reference names.
  4 Spatial Reference Information
  5 Entity and Attribute Information
   5.2 Overview Description
     5.2.1 Entity and Attribute Overview:
                    Entity studied - Fish and European Starling;
                    Associated attributes - Contaminants accumulated -
                    DDT, DDE
     5.2.2 Entity and Attribute Detail Citation:
                    unknown
  6 Distribution Information
    6.1 Distributor
           10.2 Contact Organization Primary
             10.1.2 Contact Organization:
                    U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources
                    Division, Columbia Environmental Research Center
             10.1.1 Contact Person:
                    Christopher Henke
           10.3 Contact Position:
                    Webmaster
           10.4 Contact Address
             10.4.1 Address Type:
                    mailing and physical address
             10.4.2 Address:
                    4200 New Haven Rd
             10.4.3 City:
                    Columbia
             10.4.4 State or Province:
                    MO
             10.4.5 Postal Code:
                    65201
           10.5 Contact Voice Telephone:
                    573-875-5399
           10.7 Contact Facsimile Telephone:
                    573-876-1896
           10.8 Contact Electronic Mail Address:
                    chris_henke@usgs.gov
    6.3 Distribution Liability:
                    Although these data have been processed
                    successfully on a computer system at the U.S.
                    Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or
                    implied is made regarding the accuracy or utility
                    of the data on any other system or for general or
                    scientific purposes, nor shall the act of
                    distribution constitute any such warranty. This
                    disclaimer applies both to individual use of the
                    data and aggregate use with other data.  It is
                    strongly recommended that these data are directly
                    acquired from a U.S. Geological Survey server, and
                    not indirectly through other sources which may
                    have changed the data in some way.  It is also
                    strongly recommended that careful attention be
                    paid to the contents of the metadata file
                    associated with these data.  The U.S. Geological
                    Survey shall not be held liable for improper or
                    incorrect use of the data described and/or
                    contained herein.
  7 Metadata Reference Information
   7.1 Metadata Date:
                    200004
   7.4 Metadata Contact:
           10.2 Contact Organization Primary
             10.1.2 Contact Organization:
                    Raytheon Information Technology and Scientific
                    Services (ITSS)
             10.1.1 Contact Person:
                    Cheryl Solomon
           10.3 Contact Position:
                    Ecosystem Coordinator
           10.4 Contact Address
             10.4.1 Address Type:
                    Mailing and Physical Address
             10.4.2 Address:
                    4500 Forbes Boulevard
             10.4.3 City:
                    Lanham
             10.4.4 State or Province:
                    MD
             10.4.5 Postal Code:
                    20706
             10.4.6 Country:
                    USA
           10.5 Contact Voice Telephone:
                    301 794-3049
           10.7 Contact Facsimile Telephone:
                    301 794-3164
           10.8 Contact Electronic Mail Address:
                    solomon@gcmd.nasa.gov
    7.5 Metadata Standard Name:
                    NBII Content Standard for National Biological
                    Information Infrastructure Metadata
    7.6 Metadata Standard Version:
                    December 1995
    7.8 Metadata Access Constraints:
                    None
    7.9 Metadata Use Constraints:
                    None